MOORPARK, Calif.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--
PennyMac Mortgage Investment Trust (NYSE: PMT) today reported net income
of $7.5 million, or $0.09 per diluted share, for the first quarter of
2015, on net investment income of $37.7 million. PMT previously
announced a cash dividend for the first quarter of 2015 of $0.61 per
common share of beneficial interest, which was declared on March 24,
2015 and paid on April 29, 2015.
First Quarter 2015 Highlights
Financial results:
-
Diluted earnings per common share of $0.09, down 74 percent from the
prior quarter
-
Net income of $7.5 million, down 72 percent from the prior quarter
-
Net investment income of $37.7 million, down 29 percent from the prior
quarter
-
Book value per share of $20.68, down from $21.18 at December 31, 2014
-
Return on average equity of 2 percent, down from 7 percent for the
prior quarter1
Investment activities and correspondent production results:
-
Mortgage servicing rights (MSR) and excess servicing spread (ESS)
investments, related to $68 billion in UPB, grew to $581 million at
March 31, 2015
-
Added $27 million in new MSR investments resulting from
correspondent production activities
-
Invested $46 million in ESS on mini-bulk and flow acquisitions of
Agency MSRs acquired by PennyMac Financial Services, Inc. (NYSE:
PFSI) relating to $6.4 billion in UPB
Notable activity after the end of the first quarter:
-
Entered into financing facilities for ESS and MSRs, borrowing $108
million
-
Completed acquisition of $136 million in ESS related to $15 billion in
UPB of Agency MSRs
-
Expected to enter into an agreement with PFSI relating to the
acquisition of approximately $74 million in ESS from bulk Ginnie Mae
MSRs totaling $9.3 billion in UPB that PFSI is expected to acquire in
early 3Q152
-
Entered into a credit risk transfer structure with Fannie Mae on PMT’s
correspondent production
-
Granted membership into the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) of Des Moines
“PMT’s first quarter results were adversely affected by a combination of
factors, including lower than expected performance in the distressed
loan portfolio, higher prepayment speeds that negatively affected MSR
and ESS valuations, and hedge losses related to mortgage spread widening
in our MBS portfolios,” said Stanford L. Kurland, PMT's Chairman and
Chief Executive Officer. “Today we are announcing progress on several
important initiatives, including obtaining financing for ESS and MSRs,
gaining membership in the FHLB Des Moines, and a GSE credit risk
transfer transaction on PMT’s own mortgage production. Cash flows from
our existing investments remained strong, and we are strategically
positioning PMT’s investments to deliver attractive returns on equity
over the long term.”
PMT reported a pretax loss of $3.8 million for the quarter ended March
31, 2015, compared to pretax income of $11.9 million in the fourth
quarter of 2014.
The following table presents the contribution of PMT’s Investment
Activities and Correspondent Production segments:
|
| |
| |
| | | Quarter ended March 31, 2015 |
| | | Investment |
| Correspondent |
| |
| | | Activities | | Production | | Consolidated |
|
Net investment income:
| | $ in thousands |
|
Net interest income
| | | | | | |
|
Interest income
| |
$
|
33,573
| | |
$
|
7,112
| |
$
|
40,685
| |
|
Interest expense
| |
| 21,926 |
| |
| 3,820 | |
| 25,746 |
|
| | | |
11,647
| | | |
3,292
| | |
14,939
| |
|
Net loan servicing fees
| | |
8,001
| | | |
-
| | |
8,001
| |
|
Net gain on mortgage loans acquired for sale
| | |
-
| | | |
10,160
| | |
10,160
| |
|
Net gain on investments
| | |
3,447
| | | |
-
| | |
3,447
| |
|
Other investment (loss) income
| |
| (4,241 | ) | |
| 5,351 | |
| 1,110 |
|
| | |
| 18,854 |
| |
| 18,803 | |
| 37,657 |
|
|
Expenses:
| | | | | | |
|
Loan Fulfillment, Servicing and Management fees payable to
PennyMac Financial Services, Inc | | |
17,369
| | | |
13,170
| | |
30,539
| |
|
Other
| |
| 9,724 |
| |
| 1,214 | |
| 10,938 |
|
| | |
| 27,093 |
| |
| 14,384 | |
| 41,477 |
|
Pretax (loss) income
| | $ | (8,239 | ) | | $ | 4,419 | | $ | (3,820 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
|
Investment Activities Segment
The Investment Activities segment generated a pretax loss of $8.2
million on revenues of $18.9 million in the first quarter, compared to
pretax income of $11.0 million on revenues of $38.8 million in the
fourth quarter. Net gain on investments totaled $3.4 million in the
first quarter, a 78 percent decline from the fourth quarter. Net gain on
investments for the first quarter included valuation gains on distressed
loans of $17.2 million, partially offset by valuation losses of $13.7
related to MBS, mortgage loans backed by variable interest entity and
asset-back secured financing, and ESS. Valuation losses in our MBS
portfolios resulted in part from widening in mortgage spreads to the
interest rate swap curve. Valuation losses on ESS primarily resulted
from higher actual and projected prepayments for the underlying mortgage
loans due to lower interest rates and the unanticipated reduction in FHA
annual mortgage insurance premiums announced in January. When
prepayments result in a refinancing by PFSI, PMT should benefit from
recapture income. Recapture income payable to PMT for prepayment
activity during the quarter was $1.3 million.
Net interest income earned on PMT’s investments in distressed loans,
ESS, MBS and mortgage loans held by a variable interest entity decreased
by $6.3 million to $11.6 million, driven by a $6.2 million decrease in
capitalized interest from loan modifications during the quarter.
Capitalized interest from loan modifications, which increases interest
income and reduces the loan valuation gains, totaled $10.3 million in
the first quarter.
Net loan servicing fees were $8.0 million in the first quarter of 2015,
down from $11.2 million in the fourth quarter. The reduction in income
was driven by MSR valuation losses and impairment resulting from lower
mortgage rates, partially offset by hedging gains. Other investment
losses were $4.2 million, compared to losses of $6.0 million in the
fourth quarter, due to valuation adjustments related to the growing
inventory of real estate owned (REO) properties, partially offset by an
increase in gains related to sales of REO properties.
Segment expenses were $27.1 million in the first quarter of 2015, down 3
percent from the prior quarter driven by a decline in distressed loan
servicing fees resulting from reduced loan resolution and modification
activity, as well as a decrease in incentive fees paid to PFSI resulting
from PMT’s reduced financial performance for the first quarter.
Distressed Mortgage Investments
PMT’s distressed mortgage loan portfolio generated realized and
unrealized gains totaling $17.2 million in the first quarter of 2015,
compared to $20.7 million in the fourth quarter of 2014. Of the gains in
the first quarter, $2.0 million was realized through payoffs in which
collections on the loan balances were at levels higher than their
recorded fair values.
The following schedule details the realized and unrealized gains on
mortgage loans:
|
| |
| | Quarters ended |
| | March 31, 2015 |
| December 31, 2014 |
| | (in thousands) |
|
Valuation changes:
| | | | |
|
Performing loans
| |
$
|
15,232
| | |
$
|
4,831
|
|
Nonperforming loans
| |
| 195 |
| |
| 12,653 |
| | |
15,427
| | | |
17,484
|
|
Gain on payoffs
| | |
2,043
| | | |
3,191
|
|
(Loss) gain on sales
| |
| (284 | ) | |
| - |
| | $ | 17,186 |
| | $ | 20,675 |
| | | | | | |
|
In the first quarter of 2015, the portfolios of performing and
nonperforming loans increased in value by $15.2 million and $195
thousand, respectively. Valuation gains were adversely affected by a
decrease in current home prices versus prior forecasts and lowered
expectations for future home price appreciation. Estimates indicate that
home price changes in various regions of the country ranged from flat to
slightly negative in recent months. Also, reduced estimates of home
prices drove a reduction in the expected realization value of certain
properties transitioning from foreclosure to REO status during the first
quarter. Expectations for home price appreciation in PMT’s distressed
loan portfolio over the next twelve months are 4.0%, versus 4.8% at
December 31, 20143.
The nonperforming loan portfolio experienced slower than expected
transition, or “roll”, rates, resulting in fewer loans transitioning
from severely delinquent status to foreclosure, and fewer loans
transitioning into reperformance. The performing loan portfolio
experienced valuation gains resulting from an improvement in observed
market prices for similar assets during the quarter as well as improved
portfolio performance characteristics.
Mortgage Servicing Rights
PMT’s MSR portfolio, which is subserviced by PFSI, grew to $35.2 billion
in UPB compared to $34.3 billion at December 31, 2014. Servicing fee
revenue of $22.6 million was reduced by $9.6 million for amortization
and $16.1 million for impairment and fair value changes, partially
offset by $11.1 million of hedge gains, resulting in net loan servicing
revenue of $8.0 million, down from $11.2 million in the fourth quarter
of 2014.
The following schedule details the net loan servicing fees:
|
| |
| | Quarter ended |
| | March 31, 2015 |
| December 31, 2014 |
| | (in thousands) |
|
Net loan servicing fees
| | | | |
|
Servicing fees (1)
| |
$
|
22,629
| | |
$
|
23,020
| |
|
Effect of MSRs:
| | | | |
|
Carried at lower of amortized cost or fair value
| | | | |
|
Amortization
| | |
(9,592
|
)
| | |
(8,741
|
)
|
|
Provision for impairment
| | |
(6,379
|
)
| | |
(2,890
|
)
|
|
Gain on sale
| | |
83
| | | |
46
| |
|
Carried at fair value - change in fair value
| | |
(9,816
|
)
| | |
(8,250
|
)
|
|
Gains on hedging derivatives
| |
| 11,076 |
| |
| 7,996 |
|
| |
| (14,628 | ) | |
| (11,839 | ) |
|
Net loan servicing fees
| | $ | 8,001 |
| | $ | 11,181 |
|
|
(1) Includes contractually specified servicing revenue.
|
|
|
Correspondent Production Segment
PMT acquires newly originated mortgage loans from third-party
correspondent sellers and typically sells or securitizes the loans,
resulting in current-period income and an ongoing investment in MSRs.
For the quarter ended March 31, 2015, PMT’s Correspondent Production
segment generated pretax income of $4.4 million, versus of $0.9 million
in the fourth quarter of 2014. Revenues totaled $18.8 million, up 32
percent from the fourth quarter, driven by an increase in net gain on
mortgage loans during the quarter.
Through its correspondent activities in the first quarter of 2015, PMT
acquired $8.0 billion in UPB of loans and issued IRLCs totaling $9.5
billion, compared to $7.3 billion and $7.5 billion, respectively, in the
fourth quarter of 2014. Of the correspondent acquisitions, conventional
conforming and jumbo volumes totaled $2.9 billion, and government
insured or guaranteed volumes totaled $5.1 billion compared to $2.9
billion and $4.4 billion, respectively, in the fourth quarter of 2014.
Net gain on mortgage loans acquired for sale totaled $10.2 million in
the first quarter of 2015 compared to $5.9 million last quarter. Segment
revenues in the first quarter also included $5.4 million of loan
origination fees and net interest income of $3.3 million. The first
quarter results reflect higher demand for loan refinancing and capacity
constraints industry-wide, which drove higher margins and lock volume
compared to the prior quarter.
The following schedule details the net gain on mortgage loans acquired
for sale:
|
| |
| | Quarter ended |
| | March 31, 2015 |
| December 31, 2014 |
| | (in thousands) |
|
Net gain on mortgage loans acquired for sale
| | | | |
|
Receipt of MSRs in loan sale transactions
| |
$
|
27,460
| | |
$
|
32,104
| |
|
Provision for representation and warranties
| | |
(925
|
)
| | |
(1,130
|
)
|
Cash investment (1)
| | |
(20,071
|
)
| | |
(21,606
|
)
|
|
Fair value changes of pipeline, inventory and hedges
| |
| 3,696 |
| |
| (3,423 | ) |
| | $ | 10,160 |
| | $ | 5,945 |
|
|
(1) Includes cash hedge expense
| | | | |
| | | |
|
Segment expenses increased 8 percent quarter-over-quarter to $14.4
million, primarily due to higher loan fulfillment fee expense resulting
from a higher weighted average fulfillment fee rate during the quarter.
The weighted average fulfillment fee rate in the first quarter was 45
basis points, compared to 41 basis points in the prior quarter.
Management Fees and Taxes
Management fees decreased by 17 percent from the fourth quarter of 2014
to $7.0 million, driven by lower incentive fees resulting from PMT’s
reduced financial performance in the first quarter.
PMT recognized an income tax benefit of $11.3 million in the first
quarter, versus an income tax benefit of $14.6 million in the fourth
quarter of 2014. The tax benefit resulted from a loss in the taxable
REIT subsidiary.
Mr. Kurland concluded, “We remain focused on strategic initiatives that
we expect to drive attractive long-term returns on equity for PMT. We
have obtained financing for ESS and MSRs on attractive terms which
enhance the expected returns for these strategies. Membership in the
FHLB and the resulting access to term financing helps facilitate other
strategies such investment in non-Agency mortgage loans. And we are
excited about our progress on a GSE credit risk-sharing structure that
allows us to invest in the credit risk of PMT's own correspondent
production. We are making progress in diversifying PMT's
mortgage-related strategies, which we believe will enable the Company to
achieve our performance targets across different market environments.”
Management’s slide presentation will be available in the Investor
Relations section of the Company’s website at www.pennymac-REIT.com
beginning at 1:30 p.m. (Pacific Daylight Time) on Wednesday, May 6, 2015.
1 Return on average equity is calculated based on annualized
quarterly net income as a percentage of monthly average shareholders’
equity during the period.
2 The MSR acquisition by PFSI and the Company’s purchase of
excess servicing spread are subject to the negotiation and execution of
definitive documentation, continuing due diligence and closing
conditions, including required regulatory approvals. There can be no
assurance that the committed amount will ultimately be acquired or that
the transactions will be completed at all.
3 Weighted average twelve-month projected housing price index
change.
About PennyMac Mortgage Investment Trust
PennyMac Mortgage Investment Trust is a mortgage real estate investment
trust (REIT) that invests primarily in residential mortgage loans and
mortgage-related assets. PennyMac Mortgage Investment Trust trades on
the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “PMT” and is externally
managed by PNMAC Capital Management, LLC, an indirect subsidiary of
PennyMac Financial Services, Inc. Additional information about PennyMac
Mortgage Investment Trust is available at www.PennyMac-REIT.com.
This press release contains forward-looking statements within the
meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, regarding management’s beliefs, estimates, projections and
assumptions with respect to, among other things, the Company’s financial
results, future operations, business plans and investment strategies, as
well as industry and market conditions, all of which are subject to
change. Words like “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “promise,” “plan,”
and other expressions or words of similar meanings, as well as future or
conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” or “may”
are generally intended to identify forward-looking statements. Actual
results and operations for any future period may vary materially from
those projected herein and from past results discussed herein. Factors
which could cause actual results to differ materially from historical
results or those anticipated include, but are not limited to: changes in
our investment objectives or investment or operational strategies,
including any new lines of business or new products and services that
may subject us to additional risks; volatility in our industry, the debt
or equity markets, the general economy or the real estate finance and
real estate markets specifically; events or circumstances which
undermine confidence in the financial markets or otherwise have a broad
impact on financial markets; changes in general business, economic,
market, employment and political conditions, or in consumer confidence
and spending habits from those expected; declines in real estate or
significant changes in U.S. housing prices or activity in the U.S.
housing market; the availability of, and level of competition for,
attractive risk-adjusted investment opportunities in mortgage loans and
mortgage-related assets that satisfy our investment objectives; the
inherent difficulty in winning bids to acquire distressed loans or
correspondent loans, and our success in doing so; the concentration of
credit risks to which we are exposed; the degree and nature of our
competition; the availability, terms and deployment of short-term and
long-term capital; the adequacy of our cash reserves and working
capital; our ability to maintain the desired relationship between our
financing and the interest rates and maturities of our assets; the
timing and amount of cash flows, if any, from our investments;
unanticipated increases or volatility in financing and other costs,
including a rise in interest rates; the performance, financial condition
and liquidity of borrowers; incomplete or inaccurate information or
documentation provided by customers or counterparties, or adverse
changes in the financial condition of our customers and counterparties;
changes in the number of investor repurchases or indemnifications and
our ability to obtain indemnification or demand repurchase from our
correspondent sellers; increased rates of delinquency, default and/or
decreased recovery rates on our investments; increased prepayments of
the mortgages and other loans underlying our mortgage-backed securities
or relating to our mortgage servicing rights, excess servicing spread
and other investments; the degree to which our hedging strategies may or
may not protect us from interest rate volatility; the effect of the
accuracy of or changes in the estimates we make about uncertainties,
contingencies and asset and liability valuations when measuring and
reporting upon our financial condition and results of operations;
changes in regulations or the occurrence of other events that impact the
business, operation or prospects of government sponsored enterprises;
changes in government support of homeownership; changes in governmental
regulations, accounting treatment, tax rates and similar matters; our
ability to satisfy complex rules in order to qualify as a REIT for U.S.
federal income tax purposes; and our ability to make distributions to
our shareholders in the future. You should not place undue reliance on
any forward-looking statement and should consider all of the
uncertainties and risks described above, as well as those more fully
discussed in reports and other documents filed by the Company with the
Securities and Exchange Commission from time to time. The Company
undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any
forward-looking statements or any other information contained herein,
and the statements made in this press release are current as of the date
of this release only.
|
|
| PENNYMAC MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES |
| CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS |
|
| |
| |
| |
| | March 31, 2015 | | December 31, 2014 | | March 31, 2014 |
| | (in thousands except share data) |
ASSETS | | | | | | |
|
Cash
| |
$
|
65,668
| |
$
|
76,386
| |
$
|
11,871
|
|
Short-term investments
| | |
44,949
| | |
139,900
| | |
91,338
|
Mortgage-backed securities at fair value pledged to secure
securities sold under agreements to repurchase
| | |
316,292
| | |
307,363
| | |
198,110
|
|
Mortgage loans acquired for sale at fair value
| | |
1,366,964
| | |
637,722
| | |
344,680
|
|
Mortgage loans at fair value
| | |
2,859,326
| | |
2,726,952
| | |
2,608,700
|
|
Mortgage loans under forward purchase agreements at fair value
| | |
-
| | |
-
| | |
202,661
|
|
Excess servicing spread purchased from PennyMac Financial Services,
Inc. | | |
222,309
| | |
191,166
| | |
151,019
|
|
Derivative assets
| | |
12,668
| | |
11,107
| | |
7,928
|
|
Real estate acquired in settlement of loans
| | |
317,536
| | |
303,228
| | |
172,987
|
|
Real estate acquired in settlement of loans under forward purchase
agreements
| | |
-
| | |
-
| | |
13,890
|
|
Mortgage servicing rights
| | |
359,160
| | |
357,780
| | |
301,427
|
|
Servicing advances
| | |
79,261
| | |
79,878
| | |
60,024
|
|
Due from PennyMac Financial Services, Inc. | | |
5,778
| | |
6,621
| | |
3,590
|
|
Other assets
| |
| 87,499 | |
| 66,193 | |
| 59,312 |
|
Total assets
| | $ | 5,737,410 | | $ | 4,904,296 | | $ | 4,227,537 |
| LIABILITIES | | | | | | |
|
Assets sold under agreements to repurchase
| |
$
|
3,563,293
| |
$
|
2,730,130
| |
$
|
1,887,778
|
|
Mortgage loan participation and sale agreement
| | |
71,829
| | |
20,236
| | |
-
|
|
Borrowings under forward purchase agreements
| | |
-
| | |
-
| | |
216,614
|
|
Asset-backed secured financing of the variable interest entity at
fair value
| | |
162,222
| | |
165,920
| | |
166,514
|
|
Exchangeable senior notes
| | |
250,000
| | |
250,000
| | |
250,000
|
|
Derivative liabilities
| | |
2,071
| | |
2,430
| | |
961
|
|
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
| | |
71,835
| | |
67,806
| | |
72,413
|
|
Due to PennyMac Financial Services, Inc. | | |
18,719
| | |
23,943
| | |
20,812
|
|
Income taxes payable
| | |
39,903
| | |
51,417
| | |
58,309
|
|
Liability for losses under representations and warranties
| |
| 15,379 | |
| 14,242 | |
| 10,854 |
|
Total liabilities
| |
| 4,195,251 | |
| 3,326,124 | |
| 2,684,255 |
| SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | | | | | | |
Common shares of beneficial interest—authorized, 500,000,000
common shares of $0.01 par value; issued and outstanding
74,585,222, 74,510,159, and 73,929,541 common shares
| | |
746
| | |
745
| | |
739
|
|
Additional paid-in capital
| | |
1,482,250
| | |
1,479,699
| | |
1,466,347
|
|
Retained earnings
| |
| 59,163 | |
| 97,728 | |
| 76,196 |
|
Total shareholders' equity
| |
| 1,542,159 | |
| 1,578,172 | |
| 1,543,282 |
|
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
| | $ | 5,737,410 | | $ | 4,904,296 | | $ | 4,227,537 |
| | | | | | | | |
|
|
|
| PENNYMAC MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES |
| CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME |
|
|
|
| Quarter Ended |
| | March 31, 2015 |
| December 31, 2014 |
| March 31, 2014 |
| | (in thousands, except per share data) |
| Investment Income | | | | | | |
|
Net interest income:
| | | | | | |
|
Interest income
| |
$
|
40,685
| | |
$
|
43,248
| | |
$
|
39,346
| |
|
Interest expense
| |
| 25,746 |
| |
| 21,929 |
| |
| 19,775 |
|
| |
| 14,939 |
| |
| 21,319 |
| |
| 19,571 |
|
|
Net loan servicing fees
| | |
8,001
| | | |
11,181
| | | |
7,421
| |
|
Net gain on mortgage loans acquired for sale
| | |
10,160
| | | |
5,945
| | | |
9,971
| |
|
Loan origination fees
| | |
5,287
| | | |
4,897
| | | |
2,356
| |
|
Net gain on investments
| | |
3,447
| | | |
15,700
| | | |
42,585
| |
|
Results of real estate acquired in settlement of loans
| | |
(5,832
|
)
| | |
(8,552
|
)
| | |
(6,626
|
)
|
|
Other
| |
| 1,655 |
| |
| 2,569 |
| |
| 1,317 |
|
|
Net investment income
| |
| 37,657 |
| |
| 53,059 |
| |
| 76,595 |
|
| Expenses | | | | | | |
|
Expenses payable to PennyMac Financial Services, Inc.:
| | | | | | |
|
Loan fulfillment fees
| | |
12,866
| | | |
11,887
| | | |
8,902
| |
|
Loan servicing fees (1)
| | |
10,670
| | | |
11,426
| | | |
14,591
| |
|
Management fees
| | |
7,003
| | | |
8,426
| | | |
8,074
| |
|
Professional services
| | |
1,828
| | | |
2,031
| | | |
1,731
| |
|
Compensation
| | |
2,808
| | | |
1,660
| | | |
2,942
| |
|
Other
| |
| 6,302 |
| |
| 5,689 |
| |
| 4,066 |
|
|
Total expenses
| |
| 41,477 |
| |
| 41,119 |
| |
| 40,306 |
|
|
(Loss) income before benefit from income taxes
| | |
(3,820
|
)
| | |
11,940
| | | |
36,289
| |
|
Benefit from income taxes
| |
| (11,328 | ) | |
| (14,571 | ) | |
| (1,584 | ) |
|
Net income
| | $ | 7,508 |
| | $ | 26,511 |
| | $ | 37,873 |
|
| | | | | |
|
| Earnings per share | | | | | | |
|
Basic
| |
$
|
0.09
| | |
$
|
0.35
| | |
$
|
0.52
| |
|
Diluted
| |
$
|
0.09
| | |
$
|
0.34
| | |
$
|
0.50
| |
|
Weighted-average shares outstanding
| | | | | | |
|
Basic
| | |
74,528
| | | |
74,211
| | | |
71,527
| |
|
Diluted
| | |
74,956
| | | |
82,996
| | | |
80,289
| |
(1) Servicing expenses include both special servicing for PMT’s
distressed portfolio and subservicing for its mortgage servicing rights.

PennyMac Mortgage Investment Trust
Investors and Media
Christopher
Oltmann, (818) 224-7028
Source: PennyMac Mortgage Investment Trust